[NIFL-ESL:4591] National Immigration Forum Update

From: Aliza Becker (alzbec@interaccess.com)
Date: Tue Jun 20 2000 - 23:41:59 EDT


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From: Aliza Becker <alzbec@interaccess.com>
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Subject: [NIFL-ESL:4591] National Immigration Forum Update
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June 16, 2000

To:     Forum Associates and Friends

Fr:     Maurice Belanger, Tara Young

Re:     Text of National Immigration Forum Fax of June 16th.

==============================================

CONTENTS

1. Honduran/Nicaraguan TPS: Re-Registration Deadline Extended to July
5th.
2. H-1B: House and Senate bills have yet to be considered on the Floor.
Advocates are still pressing Congress to consider other immigration
issues.
3. Senator Graham introduces Immigration bill with many items on
advocates'
wish lists.
4. Section 110 of 1996 Immigration Law Fixed
5. Benefits Restoration: House companion to Senate's Chafee bill to be
introduced.
6. Secret Evidence: House Judiciary Committee holds hearing.
7. INS Reorganization: House Judiciary Committee schedules and postpones

Smith bill markup
8. Backlog reduction bill introduced in Senate.
9. Due Process: INS Atlanta office sends memo to prosecutors advising
against plea bargaining that would allow immigrants to avoid
deportation.
10. Kosovar TPS: Protected status to end December 8th.
11. Naturalization: Hmong Veterans get language waiver for citizenship
exam.
12. Benefits: Social Security Administration sends memos to correct for
erroneous practice that denied immigrant children Social Security
numbers
unless parents also had SSNs.
13. Cecilia Muņoz of NCLR wins MacArthur Fellow grant.

======================================================

===
TPS - Honduran/Nicaraguan TPS Re-Registration Extended
===

As reported in a previous update, the INS announced on May 5th that TPS
for
Hondurans and Nicaraguans has been extended to July 5, 2001.  On June
6th,
the INS announced that it was extending the period for Hondurans and
Nicaraguans to re-register for Temporary Protected Status (TPS).
Hondurans
and Nicaraguans currently with Temporary Protected Status may
re-register by
July 5th, 2000.  (Re-registration applications must be received in INS
Service Centers by that date.  Individuals who fail to re-register will
revert to whatever status they had prior to the grant of TPS.)  The INS
is
also automatically extending the Employment Authorization Document
validity
period.  Employment Authorization Documents issued with the initial TPS
grant are being automatically extended to December 5, 2000.

The INS advises that it is a good idea to retain a copy of the Federal
Register notice announcing the EAD extension for employment verification

purposes.  The Forum has distributed the June 9th Federal Register
notice
announcing this change by electronic mail.  If you are a Forum Associate
and
are not on our e-mail list, please send a message to
mbelanger@immigrationforum.org.  For more information, see the INS news
release on the Service's website at
http://www.ins.usdoj.gov/graphics/publicaffairs/newsrels/TPSReg.htm.
Forms
for re-registration and employment authorization can also be found on
the
INS's website at: http://
www.ins.usdoj.gov/graphics/formsfee/forms/index.htm#chart.

====
H-1B - Bills Queued Up for Full House, Senate Action
====

House and Senate bills raising the number of annual H-1B temporary high
skilled worker visas are awaiting floor action in both bodies.  In the
House, the bill pending floor action is H.R. 4227, the Technology Worker

Temporary Relief Act.  In May, the Judiciary Committee approved a
substitute
version of this bill, sponsored by Immigration Subcommittee Chair Lamar
Smith (R-TX) and the ranking Subcommittee Democrat Sheila Jackson-Lee
(D-TX).  The substitute bill made relatively minor changes to Rep.
Smith's
original bill which has received a thumbs down by businesses advocating
for
an H-1B visa increase.  The bill contains a number of requirements that
would make the visa program less useful to businesses.

Despite the fact that Sheila Jackson-Lee had teamed up with Lamar Smith,
the
vote in the Judiciary Committee was largely along party lines, with only
one
other Democrat, Rick Boucher (VA), voting for the Smith bill.  A rival
bill,
H.R. 3983, the Helping to Improve Technology Education and Achievement
Act,
is favored by businesses.  That bill, sponsored by Reps. David Dreier
(R-CA)
and Zoe Lofgren (D-CA), would increase the number of H-1B visas
available to
200,000 per year for each of fiscal years 2001, 2002, and 2003, with a
number set aside for institutions of higher learning and research
organizations, and for persons with masters degrees or higher degrees.
The
bill also provides for extensions of H-1B status for workers who are
adjusting to permanent residence (in the event the application process
extends beyond the expiration of their temporary visa).  The bill would
increase the fees on companies petitioning for visas, and earmarks some
of
the funds collected for various education and training programs.

Although this bill did not move through the Judiciary Committee,
business is
still hopeful that the Dreier/Lofgren bill will be substituted for the
Smith/Jackson Lee bill in the House Rules Committee.  Rep. Dreier chairs

that Committee.  The Rules Committee will decide the rules of the House
floor debate on the H-1B bill.  It has the power to make changes to a
bill
not previously considered by other Committees.  There is still hope that
at
least two other immigration issues-Central American parity and the
Registry
update legislation-will be included in a final package.

In the Senate, the bill sponsored by Spencer Abraham (R-MI), the
American
Competitiveness in the Twenty-first Century Act (S. 2045), is still
pending
floor action.  This bill is favored by advocates of an increase in H-1B
visas.  The Senate is now tied up with consideration of appropriation
bills,
and a date for consideration of the H-1B bill has not been set.

A forthcoming Update will have an analysis of the evolving strategy to
have
the Congress consider immigration issues in addition to H-1B visas,
including legalization of undocumented immigrants with equities in the
U.S.

===========
LEGISLATION - Senator Graham Introduces Ambitious Immigration Bill
===========

On May 25th, Sens. Bob Graham (D-FL) and Gordon Smith (R-OR) introduced
the
Family, Work and Immigrant Integration Amendments of 2000 (S. 2668).
The
bill incorporates, among other things, Central American parity
legislation,
a provision to update the Registry cutoff date and the restoration of
Section of 245(i).  It also includes several other provisions.  These
include: extension of the filing deadline for persons applying for
NACARA
and HRIFA (the deadline has passed, one week after publication of final
regulations); adjustment of status for certain Liberian refugees;
certain
changes to the employment-based immigration system; additional
family-based
immigration visas, to reduce backlogs; changes to the way that the INS
handles children in detention; restoration of certain benefits to
immigrant
children and pregnant women; and a provision to allow admission of
non-immigrants who have an immigration petition pending on visitor or
student visas.

While the prospects of the bill is uncertain, it does contain a melange
of
provisions that are available to be peeled off and attached to other
bills
as they move through the Senate, should opportunities arise to do that.

*** Action Needed***

Contact your Senator and ask him or her to become a co-sponsor of S.
2668.


======
FIX 96 - Section 110 of 1996 Law Fixed
======

Both the Senate and the House of Representatives have passed the
Immigration
and Naturalization Service Data Management Improvement Act.  This law
requires the INS, by March 20, 2001, to develop an "integrated entry and

exit data system" that uses data the INS currently collects at ports of
entry.  The system requires no new documentation.  The system must be in

place by December 31, 2003 for all airports and seaports.  There is a
December 31, 2004 deadline for fifty land border ports of entry that
serve
the highest number of arrivals and departures.

The system established by this law replaces the burdensome system called
for
in Section 110 of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant
Responsibility Act of 1996.  That provision would have created an entry
and
exit control system at all ports of entry, using data collected from all

non-U.S. citizens at entry and compared with the data collected at the
time
of departure from the United States.  The "checking in" and "checking
out"
system would have created extreme delays at all ports of entry, required

expensive development of new technology and infrastructure, and would
hinder
international trade and tourism by creating enormous backups at the
border.

========
BENEFITS - Restoration Bill to be Introduced in House
========

Representatives Lincoln Diaz-Balart (R-FL) and Henry Waxman (D-CA) will
be
introducing this month a House companion bill to the Senate's Immigrant
Children's Health Improvements Act (S. 1227).  Under current immigration

law, many legal immigrants are ineligible for preventive and basic
health
care.  Pregnant women and children who arrived in the United States
after
August 22, 1996, are barred for five years from receiving health care
under
Medicaid or the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP).

This bill would lift the bar and would give states the option of
providing
health care to pregnant women under Medicaid, and children under
Medicaid or
SCHIP.  This legislation does not mandate any state to cover children
and
pregnant women; it merely allows a state to draw federal funds to help
provide the care.

Immigration and health care advocates are holding a press conference on
June
21st to announce the introduction of the Diaz-Balart/Waxman bill in the
House of Representatives. The speakers will include Representatives
Diaz-Balart and Waxman, health care providers, and individuals affected
by
this law.

=======
HEARING - House Holds Another Hearing on Secret Evidence
=======

On May 23rd, the full House Judiciary Committee held a hearing on H.R.
2121,
the Secret Evidence Repeal Act.  The Act would prohibit the use of
secret
evidence in deportation proceedings or to deny an immigration benefit.
The
bill also proposes to eliminate the Alien Terrorist Removal Court, a
special
court set up by the Anti-terrorist and Effective Death Penalty Act of
1996,
to deal with classified information in deportation proceedings.  The
hearing
was unusual in that a hearing has already been conducted by the
Immigration
Subcommittee.

First to testify were the bill's chief sponsors, Reps. David Bonior
(D-MI)
and Tom Campbell (R-CA).  (The bill now has 90 co-sponsors.)  The
sponsors
argued that secret evidence, used to deprive someone of freedom or the
right
to remain in the U.S., has no place in our system of justice.  It is
impossible to mount a defense, they argued, if a defendant is not told
what
the charges are or who is making the charges.

Administration witnesses testifying-representatives from the FBI and the

INS-argued that the law should be kept as is, because it strikes the
"best
balance" between protecting national security and the rights of the
individual.  The administration witnesses testified that the decision to
use
secret evidence is not taken lightly, and there are safeguards in place
to
ensure that secret evidence is used appropriately.

Following the administration representatives, non-government witnesses
pointed out that the administration's track record with secret evidence
is
not good.  Prof. David Cole of Georgetown University has represented 13
individuals held on secret evidence.  In each of his cases challenging
INS's
use of secret evidence where the courts have ruled, the INS has lost.
The
problem, supporters of the secret evidence repeal bill say, is that the
very
nature of secret evidence makes it easy for the authorities to abuse
their
power, leaving the accused defenseless.  These witnesses suggest that if

classified information is to be used, immigrants should have the same
protections as criminals have under the Classified Information
Procedures
Act (CIPA).

Some witnesses testified that H.R. 2121 goes too far.  Bruce Ramer,
National
President of the American Jewish Committee, noted that in no case where
the
INS has used secret evidence thus far has the government invoked the
special
court established to handle cases in which secret evidence is used.  In
the
special removal court, established by the Alien Terrorist Removal Act,
the
government must provide (and a judge must approve) an unclassified
summary
of the classified information that is sufficient for the accused to
prepare
a defense.  (The summary requirement was subsequently removed by the
Illegal
Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act.)  In this witness's

view, resorting to the special court, and restoring the requirement that
a
summary of the evidence be provided to a defendant, would be preferable
to
the outright ban on the use of classified information.

Advocates of H.R. 2121 are pressing for a markup.  At this time, no
further
action has been scheduled.

==================
INS REORGANIZATION - House Bill May Move Through Committee (or not)
==================

Legislation to re-organize the INS has been scheduled (and postponed)
several times for markup in the House Judiciary Committee.  The bill
that is
being considered in the House is that of Immigration Subcommittee Chair
Lamar Smith (R-TX), H.R. 3918, the Immigration Reorganization and
Improvement Act.  In the view of immigration advocates, that bill may
well
result in an agency that is even less responsive to immigrants than the
INS
is today, and less accountable for its enforcement abuses.  Democrats
are
preparing amendments for the Judiciary Committee markup.  In order to be

acceptable, the current legislation will have to be significantly
amended.
Without significant amendment, advocates for a responsible
reorganization of
the agency will seek to prevent the Smith bill from passing the House.

===========
LEGISLATION - Backlog Reduction Bill Introduced
===========

In a somewhat related development, Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-CA), along
with
Sen. Spencer Abraham (R-MI) and eight other original co-sponsors, has
introduced the Immigration Services and Infrastructure Improvements Act
(S.
2586).  In part, the bill authorizes the establishment of an Immigration

Services and Infrastructure Improvement Account, and authorizes
appropriations to fund this account.  If the bill is enacted, and if
Congress provides funding for the Account, the new funding would allow
the
INS to address infrastructure problems without diverting application
fees
away from their intended purpose-adjudicating applications.  The bill
also
sets up a number of reporting requirements, and sets a goal of
eliminating
application backlogs (defined as cases pending more than 180 days)
within
one year of the bill's enactment.

***Action Needed***

Contact your Senator and ask him or her to become a co-sponsor of S.
2586.
As of this writing, cosponsors listed on the bill (other than Sen.
Abraham)
are Patrick Leahy (D-VT), Michael DeWine (R-OH), Richard Durbin (D-IL),
Bob
Graham (D-FL), James Jeffords (R-VT), Barbara Mikulski (D-MD), Daniel
Patrick Moynihan (D-NY), Harry Reid (D-NV), and Paul Wellstone (D-MN).

======
FIX 96 - Prosecutorial Discretion?  INS Memo Counsels Harsh Treatment
======

Recently, a memo from the INS's Atlanta office, written last year and
sent
to area prosecutors was made public.  The memo urges prosecutors to
avoid
plea bargaining with an immigrant that will result in a sentence that
falls
below the threshold for deporting the immigrant-a one-year sentence
(suspended or not).  "If possible," the memo reads, "do not plea bargain
an
Aggravated Felony down to a non aggravated felony. ... This is important
to
assure the alien's swift removal and the [much more severe punishment]
if he
returns [after deportation]."

The advice to prosecutors, if followed, would assure that an immigration

judge, thanks to the 1996 immigration law, would not be able to allow
the
convicted immigrant to remain in the U.S. even if there are compelling
reasons, such as family dependents in the U.S.  Persons convicted of
minor
crimes are often given one year suspended sentences.  A one-year
sentence,
rather than actual time served, will trigger the removal of even a Legal

Permanent Resident.

The willingness of at least some in the INS to deny every opportunity
for
immigrants to remain in the U.S., combined with an immigration law that
treats first-time offenders convicted of minor crimes the same as
hardened
criminals, demonstrates the need to fix the 1996 immigration law.
Immigration judges should be given the authority to review a case to see
if
it makes sense to deport an individual based on a range of factors.

Not waiting for Congress to act, state legislators, local judges, and
other
state and local officials are taking steps to ameliorate some of the
harsh
and permanent consequences of criminal convictions for immigrants.
According the Atlanta Constitution, 14 states and the District of
Columbia
now have laws requiring that immigrants be asked if they understand the
potential immigration consequences of a guilty plea.  In Georgia,
according
to the paper, some judges have begun to sentence people to probation for
11
months and 29 days, just below the threshold to trigger deportation and
permanent banishment.  The Georgia Board of Pardons and Parole has so
far
this year granted 10 pardons to prevent the deportation of immigrants.

Meanwhile, in Congress, pending legislation to alleviate some of the
harshest provisions of the 1996 law remains stalled.

===
TPS - TPS for Kosovars to End December 8th
===

The INS published a notice in the Federal Register on May 23rd
announcing
that Temporary Protected Status (TPS) for persons from Kosovo province
(of
the former Yugoslavia) will be terminated as of December 8, 2000.  By
announcing this decision just two weeks prior to the expiration of the
current period of TPS (June 8th), the Attorney General was required to
extend TPS for an additional six months.  Persons from Kosovo originally

gained TPS in June of 1998, when Serbian forces were attacking and
purging
ethnic Albanians living in the province.  The province is no longer
experiencing the "ongoing internal conflict" that led to the original
designation for TPS.  The notice states that 3,000 Kosovars have already

returned to the province from the United States, and that there are
estimated to be 1,000 here under the protection of TPS.  Kosovars who
have
registered for TPS may re-register for the final six-month extension
during
the current re-registration period, which ends on June 22nd.

==============
NATURALIZATION - Hmong Veterans Obtain Citizenship Language Waiver
==============

On May 26th, President Clinton signed a bill into law that waives the
English language requirement of the citizenship exam for qualified Hmong

immigrants.  This law provides the waiver for Hmong veterans of the
Vietnam
War, who secretly served in Laos before and during the war.  It also
provides the waiver for their spouses and widows.  Approximately 45,000
Hmong qualify to use a translator for the citizenship exam.  There is no
age
or residency requirement to receive this waiver.  Spouses and widows
qualify
if they were married to the veteran when he or she applied for refugee
status.  (Those who married veterans after they applied for refugee
status
are ineligible.)

========
BENEFITS - Children of Immigrants Erroneously Denied Social Security
Numbers
========

Section 1090(b) of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 requires that the
Social
Security Administration (SSA) obtain the social security numbers (SSNs)
of
parents when they apply to obtain SSNs for children under the age of 18.

According to that law, at least one parent must have a social security
number in order for the newborn or child under the age of 18 to receive
a
number.   Exceptions are allowed, but they have never been defined by
regulation.  The information received from this application is shared
with
the Internal Revenue Service, to make it easier to match parents and
child
SSNs for purposes of detecting fraud in the Earned Income Tax Credit
program.  (The information is not shared with the INS.)

Despite the lack of clarity on exceptions, some SSA offices and
hospitals
had "jumped the gun" and started advising parents who do not have social

security numbers that they cannot obtain numbers for their citizen
children.
To correct this error, SSA sent memos to its field offices, to
hospitals,
and to state bureaus of health statistics stating that newborns and
children
should continue to receive SSNs even if the parents do not have numbers,
as
long as the parents have a valid reason for not providing a number.  For

example, not having an SSN is a valid reason for not providing one.

=======================
ADVOCACY COMMUNITY NEWS - Cecilia Muņoz of NCLR Wins MacArthur
Fellowship
Grant
=======================

The staff of the National Immigration Forum would like to congratulate
our
friend and colleague Cecilia Muņoz, of the National Council of La Raza,
who
has been chosen as one of this year's recipients of a MacArthur Fellows
grant.  The five-year grants are awarded to between 20 and 40
individuals
per year who show exceptional merit and promise for continued creative
work.
We are extremely proud to have her working on our team!

==========
CORRECTION
==========

In the policy update of May 23rd, the web address for the background
materials the Forum has developed relating to the "H-1B Plus"
issues-Central
American parity, changing the Registry cutoff date, and restoring
Section
245(i)-was listed incorrectly.  Links to these advocacy materials can be

found at
http://www.immigrationforum.org/CurrentIssues/legalization.html.



--
Aliza Becker
Phone: (773) 267-0746
Fax (773) 478-5091
E-mail alzbec@interaccess.com



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