Return-Path: <nifl-family@literacy.nifl.gov> Received: from literacy (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by literacy.nifl.gov (8.10.2/8.10.2) with SMTP id f2MM7Sg26327; Thu, 22 Mar 2001 17:07:28 -0500 (EST) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 17:07:28 -0500 (EST) Message-Id: <NDBBJNOOBCJMDBIJLDLHGEDOCKAA.hduverge@famlit.org> Errors-To: listowner@literacy.nifl.gov Reply-To: nifl-family@literacy.nifl.gov Originator: nifl-family@literacy.nifl.gov Sender: nifl-family@literacy.nifl.gov Precedence: bulk From: "Helmer Duverge" <hduverge@famlit.org> To: Multiple recipients of list <nifl-family@literacy.nifl.gov> Subject: [NIFL-FAMILY:3517] Re: consistent translations X-Listprocessor-Version: 6.0c -- ListProcessor by Anastasios Kotsikonas X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Content-Type: multipart/alternative; Status: O Content-Length: 25894 Lines: 582 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C0B2F2.3530E340 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Kathleen really hits the nail on the head with her comments on the need for a translator who recognizes issues and is flexible and respectful of all people. As she said “If you have a diverse Spanish speaking population, you will need to have representatives from the different nationality group read the translation before it gets printed up.” In Spanish (like in all languages) pronunciations and idiomatic phrases vary from one region to another. The ways we communicate, the phonology, morphology, or syntax that we learn at home rather than at school, or that are part of our oral rather than our written culture, vary very much. However, we can still communicate when we speak in Spanish. The most widespread type of “dialectal differentiation” is geographic. As a rule, the speech of one locality differs at least slightly from that of any other place. Differences between neighboring local dialects are usually small, but as we consider larger areas-cities, countries and regions-we find that the differences are greater. The Spanish language is still remarkably homogeneous considering the tremendous size of the area where it is spoken. The Encyclopedia Britannica says, “Educational differences among speakers strongly affect the extent of their vocabulary. In addition, practically every profession has its own expressions, which include the technical terminology and sometimes the casual words or idioms peculiar to the group. Slang, too, is characterized mainly by a specific vocabulary and is much more flexible than an ordinary dialect, as it is subject to fashion and depends strongly on the speaker's age group. Slang--just as a professional dialect--is used mainly by persons who are in a sense bidialectal; i.e., they speak some other dialect or the standard language, in addition to slang. Dialectal differences also often run parallel with the religious or racial division of the population.” In most developed countries, the majority of the population has an active (speaking, writing) or at least passive (understanding) command of the standard language. Very often the rural population, and not uncommonly the lower social strata of the urban population as well, are in reality “bidialectal.” They speak their maternal dialect at home and with friends and acquaintances in casual contacts, and they use the standard language in situations that are more formal. Even the educated urban population in some regions uses the so-called colloquial language informally. As I researched for this information, I learned that in the German-, Czech-, and Slovene-speaking areas of middle Europe, for example, a regional dialect from which the most striking local features have been eliminated is spoken. The use of this type of language is supported by psychological factors, such as feelings of solidarity with a certain region and pride in its traditions or the relaxed mood connected with informal behavior. In terms of the translation of the Family Literacy terminology into Spanish, it is probably safe to say that it is recommended that you use the translation that best fits the community and the population that you are working with. The term Family Literacy should be called Educación Familiar. We feel that this more flexible translation is more appropriate then the literal translation, which has a negative connotation and reduces the scope of our to mere alphabetizing. The other term is PACT Time. The term itself was coined by the National Center for Family Literacy and defined by the federal government as “interactive literacy activities between parents and their children.” Programs may interpret its definition differently in any language; the name, however, could remain the same in any language (PACT Time). The other components could be translated as Componente de Educación para Adultos (Adult Education), Componente de Educación de la Niñez (Children’s Education), and Componente de Tiempo Para Padres (Parent Time). Here is a list of places for finding resources and material in Spanish: The US Department of Education has tons of free stuff. Just go to the publication section. www.ed.gov ERIC/EECE Digests in Spanish are available in HTML format and PDF (Portable Document Format). http://ericeece.org/pubs/digests/spanish.html The virtual school (In Spanish) http://www.escuela-virtual.org.mx/ Latin World.org is a great place to start. http://www.mundolatino.org The Los Angeles Public Library (Spanish site) http://www.lapl.org/spanish/general.html Directorio Global Net Spanish-language directory with subheadings and search engine. With link to translation services. http://www.dirglobal.net/ Argentina - Latinworld Directory of sites on business, the arts, sports and travel includes a search engine. In Spanish and English. http://www.latinworld.com/sur/argentina/ CiberCentro Peruse this extensive guide to 20 Spanish-speaking countries. Features links to government, press, search engines and Web directories. http://www.cibercentro.com/english/index.html Ask Jeeves in Spanish Spanish-language portal for the Ask Jeeves search engine. In Spanish. http://www.pregunta.com/ Giga.Com Mexican Internet service provider site with downloadable software, search engines and links to newspapers and other sites. The site is in Spanish. http://www.giga.com Also, try the different embassies and consulates for web addresses with educational information. For example, the Mexican government has a lot of great stuff for adults learning basic education. Visit their INEA (Instituto Nacional para Educacion de Adultos) site www.inea.sep.gob.mx/ ¡Buenas Suerte! Helmer A. Duvergé Family Literacy Training Specialist National Center for Family Literacy 325 West Main Street, Suite 200 Louisville, KY 40202-4251 (502) 584-1133 x145 Fax: (502) 584-0172 hduverge@famlit.org www.famlit.org -----Original Message----- From: nifl-family@nifl.gov [mailto:nifl-family@nifl.gov]On Behalf Of KathleenBombach@aol.com Sent: Friday, March 16, 2001 12:46 PM To: Multiple recipients of list Subject: [NIFL-FAMILY:3510] Re: consistent translations Laurie: As far as Spanish goes, is your population mostly people from one country, like Mexico, or is it a diverse group? If your population is primarily from one country, have someone translate into that version of Spanish. Then have community members from your target population read the translation. If you have a diverse Spanish speaking population, you will need to have representatives from the different nationality group read the translation before it gets printed up. Spanish is full of double entendres that are different in each country, and you want to be careful. In other cases, the vocabulary is simply different. When I was in Argentina speaking my Mexican Spanish, I baffled quite a few people just on the vocabulary differences until I picked up the words Argentinians used. Then there are the class differences in the use of the language--what is the class background of your population? If they are well-educated immigrants who have menial jobs (hence are low income) only because they lack American credentials and English, they may be offended by some phrases in the language used by lower class immigrants, and vice versa. You need a translator who recognizes these issues and is flexible and respectful of all people. Some people who are well-educated in their native country, meaning they came from the upper classes, carry those class biases with them when they interact with lower class immigrants. Many times, those are the people with the credentials to get teaching or translating jobs in your program, while your target population consists of lower class immigrants. Kathleen Bombach ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C0B2F2.3530E340 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> <HTML><HEAD> <META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; = charset=3Diso-8859-1"> <META content=3D"MSHTML 5.50.4611.1300" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD> <BODY> <DIV><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 10.0pt">Kathleen=20 really hits the nail on the head with her comments on the need for a = translator=20 who recognizes issues and is flexible and respectful of all people. = <SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>As she said “If you have = a diverse=20 Spanish speaking population, you will need to have representatives from = the=20 different nationality group read the translation before it gets printed = up.”=20 <SPAN style=3D"COLOR: black">In Spanish (like in all languages) = pronunciations and=20 idiomatic phrases vary from one region to another. The ways we = communicate,=20 </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">the = phonology,=20 morphology, or syntax that</SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"COLOR: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 10.0pt"> we=20 learn at home rather than at school, or that are part of our oral rather = than=20 our written culture,</SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> vary very = much.=20 However, we can still communicate when we speak in Spanish. = <?xml:namespace=20 prefix =3D o ns =3D "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" = /><o:p></o:p></SPAN> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">The most = widespread=20 type of “dialectal differentiation” is geographic. As a = rule, the speech of one=20 locality differs at least slightly from that of any other place. = Differences=20 between neighboring local dialects are usually small, but as we consider = larger=20 areas-cities, countries and regions-we find that the differences are = greater.=20 </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"COLOR: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 10.0pt">The=20 Spanish language is still remarkably homogeneous considering the = tremendous size=20 of the area where it is spoken.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P><SPAN style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">The = Encyclopedia=20 Britannica says, “Educational differences among speakers strongly = affect the=20 extent of their vocabulary. In addition, practically every profession = has its=20 own expressions, which include the technical terminology and sometimes = the=20 casual words or idioms peculiar to the group. </SPAN><SPAN = lang=3DES-TRAD=20 style=3D"COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><A=20 href=3D"http://www.britannica.com/bcom/eb/article/2/0,5716,114872+1+10846= 2,00.html"><SPAN=20 lang=3DEN-US=20 style=3D"COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; = text-underline: none">Slang</SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"COLOR: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 9.0pt">,=20 </SPAN><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 9.0pt">too, is=20 characterized mainly by a specific vocabulary and is much more flexible = than an=20 ordinary dialect, as it is subject to fashion and depends strongly on = the=20 speaker's age group. Slang--just as a professional dialect--is used = mainly by=20 persons who are in a sense bidialectal; i.e., they speak some other = dialect or=20 the standard language, in addition to slang. Dialectal differences also = often=20 run parallel with the religious or racial division of the = population.”=20 </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"COLOR: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P><SPAN style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">In most = developed=20 countries, the majority of the population has an active (speaking, = writing) or=20 at least passive (understanding) command of the standard language. Very = often=20 the rural population, and not uncommonly the lower social strata of the = urban=20 population as well, are in reality “bidialectal.” They speak = their maternal=20 dialect at home and with friends and acquaintances in casual contacts, = and they=20 use the standard language in situations that are more formal. Even the = educated=20 urban population in some regions uses the so-called colloquial language=20 informally. As I researched for this information, I learned that in the = German-,=20 Czech-, and Slovene-speaking areas of middle Europe, for example, a = regional=20 dialect from which the most striking local features have been eliminated = is=20 spoken. The use of this type of language is supported by psychological = factors,=20 such as feelings of solidarity with a certain region and pride in its = traditions=20 or the relaxed mood connected with informal behavior.</SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P> <SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US">In terms of the = translation of=20 the Family Literacy terminology into Spanish, it is probably safe to say = that it=20 is recommended that you use the translation that best fits the community = and the=20 population that you are working with. The term Family Literacy should be = called=20 </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; = mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">Educaci=F3n</SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> Familiar. We feel that this more = flexible=20 translation is more appropriate then the literal translation, which has = a=20 negative connotation and reduces the scope of our to mere=20 alphabetizing.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US">The other term is PACT Time. The term = itself=20 was coined by the National Center for Family Literacy and defined by the = federal=20 government as “interactive literacy activities between parents and = their=20 children.” Programs may interpret its definition differently in = any language;=20 the name, however, could remain the same in any language (PACT Time).=20 </SPAN><SPAN lang=3DES-TRAD>The other components could be translated as=20 </SPAN><SPAN lang=3DES-TRAD=20 style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: = bold">Componente de=20 Educaci=F3n para Adultos (Adult Education),</SPAN><SPAN lang=3DES-TRAD=20 style=3D"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> Componente de Educaci=F3n de la = Ni=F1ez=20 (Children’s Education), and Com</SPAN><SPAN lang=3DES-TRAD=20 style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">ponente = de Tiempo=20 Para Padres (Parent Time).<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN lang=3DES-TRAD><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"></SPAN> </P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Here is a = list of=20 places for finding resources and material in = Spanish:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US">The US Department of Education has = tons of free=20 stuff. Just go to the publication section.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><A=20 href=3D"http://www.ed.gov/"><FONT=20 color=3D#000099>www.ed.gov</FONT></A><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US">ERIC/EECE Digests in Spanish are = available in=20 HTML format and PDF (Portable Document Format). <A=20 href=3D"http://ericeece.org/pubs/digests/spanish.html"><FONT=20 color=3D#000099>http://ericeece.org/pubs/digests/spanish.html></A><= o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US">The virtual school (In=20 Spanish)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN lang=3DES-TRAD style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: = 10.0pt"><A=20 target=3D_blank href=3D"http://www.escuela-virtual.org.mx/"><SPAN = lang=3DEN-US=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT=20 color=3D#000099>http://www.escuela-virtual.org.mx/></SPAN></A></SPA= N><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Latin World.org is a great place to=20 start.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN lang=3DES-TRAD style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: = 10.0pt"><A=20 target=3D_blank href=3D"http://www.mundolatino.org/"><SPAN lang=3DEN-US=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT=20 color=3D#000099>http://www.mundolatino.org></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN = style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US">The Los Angeles Public Library = (Spanish=20 site)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN lang=3DES-TRAD style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: = 10.0pt"><A=20 target=3D_blank href=3D"http://www.lapl.org/spanish/general.html"><SPAN = lang=3DEN-US=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT=20 color=3D#000099>http://www.lapl.org/spanish/general.html></SPAN></A= ></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 lang=3DES-TRAD style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><A=20 href=3D"http://www.dirglobal.net/"><B><SPAN lang=3DEN-US=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT color=3D#000099>Directorio = Global=20 Net</FONT></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 9.0pt"><BR>Spanish-language=20 directory with subheadings and search engine. With link to translation=20 services.<BR><SPAN class=3Dclsresulturl><SPAN=20 style=3D"FONT-STYLE: normal; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; = mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times = New Roman'"><FONT=20 color=3D#777777>http://www.dirglobal.net/></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPA= N=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 lang=3DES-TRAD style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><A=20 href=3D"http://www.latinworld.com/sur/argentina/"><B><SPAN lang=3DEN-US=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT color=3D#000099>Argentina -=20 Latinworld</FONT></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 9.0pt"><BR>Directory of=20 sites on business, the arts, sports and travel includes a search engine. = In=20 Spanish and English.<BR><SPAN class=3Dclsresulturl><SPAN=20 style=3D"FONT-STYLE: normal; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; = mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times = New Roman'"><FONT=20 color=3D#777777>http://www.latinworld.com/sur/argentina/></SPAN></S= PAN></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 lang=3DES-TRAD style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><A=20 href=3D"http://www.cibercentro.com/english/index.html"><B><SPAN = lang=3DEN-US=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT=20 color=3D#000099>CiberCentro</FONT></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR>Peruse = this=20 extensive guide to 20 Spanish-speaking countries. Features links to = government,=20 press, search engines and Web directories.<BR><SPAN = class=3Dclsresulturl><SPAN=20 style=3D"FONT-STYLE: normal; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; = mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times = New Roman'"><FONT=20 color=3D#777777>http://www.cibercentro.com/english/index.html></SPA= N></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN lang=3DES-TRAD style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: = 9.0pt"><A=20 href=3D"http://www.pregunta.com/"><B><SPAN lang=3DEN-US=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT color=3D#000099>Ask Jeeves in=20 Spanish</FONT></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 9.0pt"><BR>Spanish-language=20 portal for the Ask Jeeves search engine. In Spanish.<BR><SPAN=20 class=3Dclsresulturl><SPAN=20 style=3D"FONT-STYLE: normal; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; = mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times = New Roman'"><FONT=20 color=3D#777777>http://www.pregunta.com/></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN= =20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 lang=3DES-TRAD style=3D"mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><A=20 href=3D"http://www.giga.com/"><B><SPAN lang=3DEN-US=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT=20 color=3D#000099>Giga.Com</FONT></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: = 9.0pt"><BR>Mexican Internet=20 service provider site with downloadable software, search engines and = links to=20 newspapers and other sites. The site is in Spanish.<BR><SPAN=20 class=3Dclsresulturl><SPAN=20 style=3D"FONT-STYLE: normal; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; = mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times = New Roman'"><FONT=20 color=3D#777777>http://www.giga.com></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Also, try the different embassies and = consulates for web addresses with educational information. For example, = the=20 Mexican government has a lot of great stuff for adults learning basic=20 education<SPAN class=3D900410122-22032001>. Visit</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> their INEA (Instituto Nacional = para=20 Educacion de Adultos) site<SPAN class=3D900410122-22032001> =20 </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><A=20 href=3D"http://www.inea.sep.gob.mx/"><FONT=20 color=3D#000099>www.inea.sep.gob.mx/</FONT></A><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN lang=3DES style=3D"mso-ansi-language: = ES">=A1Buenas=20 Suerte!</SPAN><SPAN=20 style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV> <DIV> </DIV> <P>Helmer A. Duverg=E9 <BR>Family Literacy Training Specialist = <BR>National Center=20 for Family Literacy <BR>325 West Main Street, Suite 200 <BR>Louisville, = KY=20 40202-4251 <BR>(502) 584-1133 x145 <BR>Fax: (502) 584-0172=20 <BR>hduverge@famlit.org <BR>www.famlit.org </P> <BLOCKQUOTE> <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><FONT = face=3DTahoma=20 size=3D2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> = nifl-family@nifl.gov=20 [mailto:nifl-family@nifl.gov]<B>On Behalf Of=20 </B>KathleenBombach@aol.com<BR><B>Sent:</B> Friday, March 16, 2001 = 12:46=20 PM<BR><B>To:</B> Multiple recipients of list<BR><B>Subject:</B>=20 [NIFL-FAMILY:3510] Re: consistent = translations<BR><BR></FONT></DIV><FONT=20 face=3Darial,helvetica><FONT size=3D2>Laurie: <BR>As far as Spanish = goes, is your=20 population mostly people from one country, <BR>like Mexico, or is it a = diverse=20 group? If your population is primarily from <BR>one country, = have=20 someone translate into that version of Spanish. Then have = <BR>community=20 members from your target population read the translation. <BR><BR>If = you have=20 a diverse Spanish speaking population, you will need to have=20 <BR>representatives from the different nationality group read the = translation=20 <BR>before it gets printed up. Spanish is full of double = entendres that=20 are <BR>different in each country, and you want to be careful. In = other cases,=20 the <BR>vocabulary is simply different. When I was in Argentina = speaking=20 my Mexican <BR>Spanish, I baffled quite a few people just on the = vocabulary=20 differences <BR>until I picked up the words Argentinians used. = <BR><BR>Then=20 there are the class differences in the use of the language--what is = the=20 <BR>class background of your population? If they are = well-educated=20 immigrants <BR>who have menial jobs (hence are low income) only = because they=20 lack American <BR>credentials and English, they may be offended by = some=20 phrases in the language <BR>used by lower class immigrants, and vice = versa.=20 You need a translator who <BR>recognizes these issues and is flexible = and=20 respectful of all people. Some <BR>people who are well-educated = in their=20 native country, meaning they came from <BR>the upper classes, carry = those=20 class biases with them when they interact with <BR>lower class = immigrants.=20 Many times, those are the people with the credentials <BR>to get = teaching or=20 translating jobs in your program, while your target <BR>population = consists of=20 lower class immigrants. <BR>Kathleen Bombach=20 <BR><BR></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></FONT></BODY></HTML> ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C0B2F2.3530E340--
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